Appsc material: AP history-Socialists and communists

Communist ideas started during salt satyagraha in 1930.
Hindustan Socialist Republican Army was founded in Madras in 1933. D Bal Ram Reddy, G Dasaratha Rami Reddy were the members.
P Sundarayya was one of the earliest organisers of communist movement in Andhra.
Amir Hyder Khan established Young worker's league in Madras.
In 1934, at kakinada, communist party was estb. P Sundaraiah was the secretary. Govt. imposed ban communist party.
In 1935- Farmer's leader NG Ranga estb Congress Socialist party. Communists joined this party as ban was imposed on communist party.
1938- Ryotu Bandhava NG Ranga conductecd raitu chaitanya yatra from ichapuram to Madras.
1939- socialist party became communist party

Sri Sri - Mahaprasthanam
Krovvudi Linga Raju- Amma (Translation of Maxim Gorki's Mother)
vidwaan Vishwam- Paapam na hrudayam
Mulk Raj Anand- Untouchable, coolie
Gopichand- Asamardhuni jeevita yatra

News papers:
Maddari Chandra shekar rao- Navashakti
NG Ranga- Chitragupta, vahini, prajabandhu
Tapi Dhramarao- Janavani


Andhra university- 1926- vijayawada. 1st VC- Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddi
Rayalaseema Mahasabha- 1934- started by CL Narsimha Reddy, K Subramanyam

Sri bagh pact b/w circar and rayalseema in 1937 in Madras

Appsc material: AP history- freedom struggle in Andhra (3)

1921-22 : Chirala Perala Movement:
These villages in Guntur were converted into separate muncipalities and a tax of Rs 40000/- was imposed.
Under the leadership of Andhra Ratna Duggirala Gopalakrishnaih, people refused to pay the muncipal taxes.
Gopalakrishnaih formed an association called 'Ramdandu'.
Chirala Perala was vacated and a village 'Ramanagar ' was constructed.
Gandhiji visited Chirala Perala on 6th April 1921 along with K Venkatappaih
 Gopalakrishnaih attended a meeting in Orissa. There he was arrested and the movement was suppressed.

1921- Palnadu Pullari satyagraha:
leader- Kanneganti Hanumanthu.
cattle were not allowed into the forest
 Kanneganti Hanumanthu was shot dead.

1922- Pedanandipadu no tax campaign:
led by Andhra Sivaji-Parvataneni Veeraih Choudary
cause- little pay and too much of work for the officials
Veeraih Choudary toured 100 villages and asked the village officers to resign and people not to pay the taxes. He started santi sena
British officer described it as an "attempted revolution". He arrested Veeraih Choudary and took a letter from him stating that if he starts any movement he will be shot dead.
 On advice of Gandhiji Veeraih Choudary stopped the movement.
This campaign shook the foundations of British administration in Madras.

1922-24- Rampa Rebillion:
causes- oppressive attitude of taluk officer
            forest reservation policy
            muttadar system

Alluri sitaramaraju visited Chittagong(East Bengal) and came to know the revelutionary ideas.
His associates- Gam Mallu Dora, Gam Gantam dora, Aggi raju
In 1922 they attacked Chintapalli police station
Later they looted many police stations and killed many police officers.
To capture Alluri, Rutherford was appointed. Under him were Major Gundal and Jamedar Kanchumenon
On may 7th, 1924, Alluri was captured by Kanchumenon and shot dead by Gundal

1923- Swaraj Party:
In Andhra : President- VV Ramdas
                  Secretary- Unnava Laxmi Narayana
                   Treasurer- G Harisarvottam
1927- Simon Commission:
In Madras Tangaturi Prakasam and K Nageswar Rao led the movement against the simon commission.
Here Prakasam got the title 'Andhra Kesari'
Guntur and ongole were the two towns for the commission's visit.

1930- Civil disobedience movement:
Gandhiji said for the success of this movement he depended on 3 provinces: Andhra, Bihar and Gujrat
Erneni Subramanyam was one of the 78 followers in Dandi March
Gandhiji appointed Konda Venkatappaih as the dictator of salt satyagraha in Andhra.
In Andhra, on 6th April ,1930- salt was made in Machilipatnam. The leaders who participated were:
A Kaleshwar Rao, M Krishna Rao,
In Guntur- K Venkatappaih, Unnava laxminarayana
  Kakinada- Bulusu Samba Murthy
  Vishakapatnam- Thenneti Vishwanatham
  Nellore- Sesha Reddy, Bejawada Gopal Reddy
  Rayalaseema- Kalluri Subba Rao( led the anti drinking campaign in Anantapur)

One of the satyagrahis who died in Nellore jail was Danda Narayan Raju

1937 july 14th - The 1st congress ministry came to power in Madras headed by Rajgopalachari
                       from Andhra T Prakasam(Revenue), B Gopal Redddy, VV Giri were taken into the ministry.

Appsc material: AP history- freedom struggle in Andhra (2)

Rajahmundry college incident: 1907
Mark William Hunter was the principal of Govt. Arts college.
Gadicharla Harisarvottam Rao was suspended from the college for singing vandemataram.
He named the ceded districts as Rayalaseema in 1928

Gadicharla Harisarvottam Rao and Bodi Narayan Rao were the 1st political sufferers in Andhra who went to jail during Vandemataram Movement.

Kakinada Riot Case :1907
Dr Kemp , a district medical officer , assaulted Kompalli Krishna Rao.
N. Subba Rao was his lawyer
Raghupati Venkatratnam Naidu gave the evidence.
Kemp was transferred to Cuddapah
This was the 1st criminal case in Andhra

Kotappa Konda incident: 1909 feb 18, shivaratri
Chinappa Reddy

Gadar Party was started by Lala Hardayal in 1913. Darshi Chenchaih from Andhra joined the party.

Andhra Mahasabhas for separate Andhra:
 
Year         Place                   President
1913         Bapatla                BN Sarma
1914         Vijayawada          N Subba Rao
1915         Vizag                    P RajaRammohan Raya
1916         Kakinada             M Ramachandra Rao
1917         Nellore                 Konda Venkatappaih

Hindu desha daridryam was written by Attili Suryanarayana to popularise swadeshi movement

Home Rule Movement : 1916
In Andhra branch G Harisarvottam Rao was the secretary. He translated "Awake Mother" of Sarojini Naidu into "Nutana Haindava Matrugeetam".
His pamphlets- swarajya paramoddesamu, swatantravardhana patramu, swarajyamu korutaku karanamu

Annie Besant estb. National college at Madanapalli in may 1916( Besant Theosophical college) with JH Cousins as principal.

The first Justice Party Ministry was formed on 17th Dec 1920 and Subburatulu Reddiyar as Chief Minister It won 63 out of 98 elected seats of the Madras Legislative Assembly.

In 1921 Congress special meeting was held in Vijayawada. Shaukhat Ali was the chairperson.
Gandhiji, Kasturba Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru etc attended the meeting.
Tricolor flag of  Pingali Venkaih was accepted.
Gandhiji distributed one lakh charkas.
Tilak swaraj fund was estb.
Maganti Annapurnamma donated her jewellery of one lakh to the fund. Yamini Purnatilakam(dancer) gave up her profession and donated her property.

Appsc material: AP history- freedom struggle in Andhra

Freedom struggle in Andhra:

INC was established by  A.O Hume in 1885. Dufferin was the viceroy.
1st meeting was held at Gokuldastejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay. Presided over by WC Banarjee.
It was attended by 72 people from Andhra.
In 1891, P Anandacharyulu presided over the INC meeting at Nagpur Session( 1st man to preside from andhra)
Krishna District Association/ Congress sabha was started in 1892 by Ramaswamy Gupta in Guntur
In 1902, Konda Venkatappaih and Dasu Narayana Shastri started Krishna Patrika from Machilipatnam. Editor was Mutnuri Krishna Rao

Vandemataram Movement : 1905
Adipudi Somanatha Rao wrote history of Japan in Telugu and dedicated it to Raja of Munagala.
Srirama Veerabhadram wrote a drama- Japaneeyamu
Raja of Munagala named his sons- Togo and Nogi
Participation of students in the movement was an important feature.
Swadeshi league was formed by Nyayapati Subba Rao and Venkata Ramana Rao.

Bipin Chandra Pal's tour:
Pal toured Andhra in April 1907. It was organised by Mutnuri Krishna Rao.
He 1st visited Vijayanagaram and Vishakapatnam.
In Kakinada he gave lectures on Vedanta and swaraj
In Vijayawada he was guest of Raja of Munagala
His speeches were translated into telugu by Chilakamarthi Laxminarsimham.
In Machilipatnam he spoke about the importance of Durga Puja. He was guest of Ramdas Naidu
He laid the foundation of National college in Machilipatnam.
The principal of Andhra Jateeya Kalasala was K Hanumantha Rao.

The tone and content of telugu newspapers underwent a great change after the Pal's tour.
Machilipatnam and Rajahmundry were the important centres of Swadeshi movement in Andhra.

In Madras, T Prakasam and K Nageshwar Rao led the movement