Sunday, 8 January 2012

Appsc material: AP History- Vijayanagara empire

1565- Battle of Rakshasi/Thangadi/Tallikota /Bannihatti
fought between Vijayanagara ruler and Bahmani kingdom for Raichur doab, Tungabhadra doab, K-G basin and maratha wada.
Berar, Bidar, Bijapur, Golconda and Ahmadnagar- Bahamani kingdoms
Berar did not participate in the battle.
Sadasivarayalu -the original ruler. But the real power was vested with Aliyaramarayalu
Aliyaramarayalu was killed by Hussain Nizam Shah of Ahmadnagar
Capital was shifted to Penukonda (Anantapur)

Araveti dynasty: founded by Araveti Tirumalaraya
Venkatapati Raya 11 shifted capital from Penukonda to Chandragiri
Ranga 11 -last emperor

Administration:

Monarchy continued. Amuktamalyada gives good account of their administration.
Mantri parishad (council of ministers) assisted the king.
Empire was divided into Province- Rajya and mandala- headed by a governor or viceroy or nayaka.
Village was unit of administration. Ayyagars were different professionals in the village who participated in the administration.
Nayamkara sysytem- to maintain law and order system.
Palegar system- to maintain law and order in villages

Agriculture was the main preofession. 1/6th
Tax paid in kind (grains)- Neerambara
Tax paid in cash- kadambara
Tax on beggars- ganachari
Tax on prostitution- sita tax

with the tax collected from prostitutes, salaries for policemen were paid.
Progressive taxation existed.
Krishnadevaraya abolished tax on marriage and marriage pandals

Laws were based on Parasharasmruti, yagnavalkya smruti
Pradavikas-judges
Dhanodhbhava-civil court
Himsodhbhava- criminal court
sastritha-court lokked after by king

standing army was maintained by amaranayakars

Motupalli, Machilipatnam- seaports
Golconda, Vajrakur were famous for diamonds

Gadwana, varaham - gold coins
Prataparunam-silver coins
Chinam, jital-coppercoins


on the walls of Hazara ramaswamy temple Ramayana, Mahabharata stories were carved.
Padma (Gagan) mahal- Hindu muslim culture

Paintings: Jain miniature painting traditions and techniques were followed. Found in Thanjavur, lepakshi, Hampi.

Gonabuddha reddy -Ranganatha ramyanam.

No comments:

Post a Comment